Essay on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - 1057 Words

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was probably the greatest genius in Western musical history. He was born in Salzberg, Austria on January 27, 1756. The son of Leopold Mozart and his wife Anna Maria Pertl. Leopold was a successful composer and violinist and assistant concertmaster at the Salzberg court. At the age of three, Wolfgang showed signs of remarkable musical talent. He learned to play the harpsichord, a keyboard instrument related to the piano, at the age of four. Wolfgang began composing minuets at the age of five. When he was only six years old, he and his older sister, Anna Maria, embarked on a series of concert tours to Europe’s courts and major cities. They played for the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa†¦show more content†¦Several of his twenty-two operas gained worldwide recognition soon after his death, and they still please audiences all over the world. The Marriage of Figaro (1786) and Don Giovanni (1787) are operas he composed with words in Italian. The Magic Flute (1791) has German words. Each of these contains arias (beautiful melodies for singers), recitative (Rapidly sung dialogue), ensembles in which several people sing at the same time, and choruses. The orchestra provides an ever-changing expressive accompaniment. The drama ranges from comed y to tragedy. Mozart wrote over forty symphonies, many of which are performed today. Some originally were overtures (orchestral introductions) for operas, and last only a few minutes. His later symphonies, which are the most popular, are full-length orchestral compositions that last twenty to thirty minutes. Most of them consist of four sections. Mozart’s last and most famous symphony, Number 41 (1788), is nicknamed the Jupiter. Mozart composed a great amount of church music, most of it for performance at the Salzburg Cathedral. He wrote Masses and shorter pieces called motets; and he set psalms to music, especially for the afternoon or evening service. The music is beautiful and varied. It includes choral and solo parts, usually with accompaniment by organ and orchestra. Mozart’s best-known sacred work is the Requiem (Mass for the Dead). He began it in the last year of his life andShow MoreRelatedWolfgang Amadeus Mozart4740 Words   |  19 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart (German: [ˈvÉ”lfÉ ¡Ã‰â€˜Ã…‹ amaˈdeus ˈmoË tsaÊ t], English see fn.[1]), baptismal name Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart[2] (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791), was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era. He composed over 600 works, many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, piano, operatic, and choral music. He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers. Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhoodRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, as he is generally known, was baptized in a Salzburg Cathedral on the day after his birth as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus. The first and last given names come from his godfather Joannes Theophilus Pergmayr, although Mozart preferred the Latin form of this last name, Amadeus, more often Amadà ©, or the Italiano Amadeo, and occasionally the Deutsch Gottlieb. Whatever the case may be, he rarely - if ever - used Theophilus in his signatureRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay1138 Words   |  5 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart is perhaps the greatest musical genius who ever lived. Mozart s full name is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Most people called him Mozart or Wolfgang. Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria, January 27, 1756. His father, Leopold, perhaps the greatest influence on Mozarts life, was the vice Kapellmeister (assistant choir director) to the Archbishop of Salzburg at the time of Mozarts birth. Mozart was actually christened as Joannes Chrysotomus Wolfgangus Theophilus,Read MoreThe Music Of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart991 Words   |  4 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian composer who mastered the range of contemporary modern instrumental and vocal forms—including the symphony, concerto, chamber music, and especially in the opera. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria. Mozart mom and dad, stressed about the importance music to their children. Wolfgang received in-depth musical training that by the age of six he was a rising composer and a soon to be keyboard performer. In 1762 Mozart dadRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay495 Words   |  2 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is, in the opinion of many people, the greatest composer who ever lived. Some of us happen to fancy Gershwin, but hey, Mozart is older. Mozart was born in Salzburg on January 27, 1956. On January 24, 1761 when Mozart was only five years old, he learned now to play his first piece of music, a scherzo by Georg Christof Wagenseil. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Mozart’s first documented performance was on September first, 1761 as a singer in the LatinRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay622 Words   |  3 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in January 1756 to Anna Maria and Leopold Mozart. He was the second and last child to survive of his seven other siblings. His sister, Anna Maria†Nannerl† Mozart shared some of her brother’s triumphs. Mozart was from the start a musical prodigy. He played the clavier and started composing little pieces of music at the age of five. Mozart astonished the world further when he played the keyboard perfectly during a tour with his father. InRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay1191 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a born child prodigy. He was Born in Salzburg in January 27 of 1756. He was the son of Leopold Mozart. He for years since his birth has he inspired and amazed people of al l ages with his work. He was the greatest composer of his time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As a child he showed musical gifts of a great magnitude. He composed minuets at the age of five and played for royals at the age of six. He and his sister, who was a gifted keyboardRead More wolfgang amadeus mozart Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages Mozart was considered to be the best musician/composer of all time. Mozart was a genius when it came music and composing, he was said that no other could rival him and to this day people still say that he is the best. The reason why I choose to do Mozart is the fact I do believe he is the best musician/composer of all time, and his life story is of a tragic but gifted young soul. Later on you will find out about his family, his teachings, his tragedies, and of course his accomplishments. WolfgangRead MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay443 Words   |  2 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart is and was a remarkable musician and composer whose legend continues to grow more than two centuries after his death. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in 1756. Before the age of four, he had exhibited such extraordinary powers of musical memory and ear-sophistication that his father, Leopold, a highly esteemed violinist and composer in his own right, decided to give his son, Wolfgang, harpsichord lessons. From day one of his lessons, the boysRead MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pagesof Leopold Mozart and Anna Maria Pertl, Wolfgang Amadeus was born in Salzburg on January 27, 1756. Considered by many to be one of the greatest musical prodigies in history, by the age of three he was already a keyboard-player and violinist. By five he was composing symphonies. Leopold Mozart (1719-1787), his father, undertook complete responsibility for the tutoring of Wolfgang and his elder sister Maria Anna (Nannerl), an extremely gifted keyboard playe r in her own right. Mozart spent from

The Issue of Compensation and Its Repercussions on Society

A very contentious issue arising within public domain is that of compensation and its repercussions on overall society. Over the past 3 decades executive compensation has ballooned while the average worker continues to see only modest gains in income. The average annual earnings of the top 1 percent of wage earners grew 156 percent from 1979 to 2007; for the top 0.1 percent they grew 362 percent (Kaplan, 2012). In contrast, earners in the 90th to 95th percentiles had wage growth of 34 percent, less than a tenth as much as those in the top 0.1 percent tier. Workers in the bottom 90 percent had the weakest wage growth, at 17 percent from 1979 to 2007. If inflation averaged just 2% a year over this period, the gains of the bottom 90% would be negative. In 2007, average annual incomes of the top 1 percent of households were 42 times greater than incomes of the bottom 90 percent, and incomes of the top 0.1 percent were 220 times greater. This is an increase of 1400% and 4700% respectively since 1979. These statistics do not bode well for the health care industry which is currently undergoing immense change. With the healthcare reform currently underway, many changes will be made to entitlements and overall compensation. Entry level workers in particular will have a fundamentally different compensation package then prior generations. Due primarily to a combination of excessive spending, deficit reductions, and an aging population, alterations to compensation will occur. The extentShow MoreRelatedProperty Rights Of Cells1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe repercussions of defining who has ownership of cells will also immediately affect the families of those individuals whose cells were extracted and future generations. Currently, families have not been compensated for the use of the family member’s cells for medical research and pharmaceutical productions. As previously mentioned, Lacks’s family has not been given any financial compensation for the multiple d istributions and pharmaceutical developments made from Lacks’s tumor cells. They haveRead MoreEthics and Social Responsibility Essay1738 Words   |  7 Pagesmany controversial issues, moral reflection ought to be performed on any action, regardless of its lawfulness. The growing power of business in today’s society has enabled businesses to significantly impact the world. Hence, business ethics is highly relevant as it could determine whether businesses contribute or cause harm to the society at large. Using ethical theories to guide moral reflection, business ethics can help businesses avoid scandalous conduct that could harm the society. UTILITARIANISMRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Law : Legal And Ethical Issues1213 Words   |  5 PagesLegal and Ethical Issues in Business Business ethics and law are fundamental principles that guide the way businesses operate. Business ethics are decided and formed by each company and differ from one company to another. They are the core values that business owners, managers, and employees use to conduct their daily operations. Acting in an ethical way consists of distinguishing between right and wrong and choosing what is right. Business law is all rules and regulations that all businesses shouldRead MoreThe American Association Of University Women1643 Words   |  7 Pagessame capacity to accomplish the same overall tasks as men is becoming more popular, especially as the prevalent thought of women as not as valuable as men is constantly being proven to be incorrect. The ongoing issue of the past has now become an evident problem in our modern-day society. Women nowadays have opportunities that were not obtainable in past decades but must overcome, or in most cases overlook, the barrier of being punished in the long run for simply being a woman; â€Å"gender differencesRead MoreThe American Association Of University Women1643 Words   |  7 Pagessame capacity to accomplish the same overall tasks as men is becoming more popular, especially as the prevalent thought of women as not as valuable as men is constantly being proven to be incorrect. The ongoing issue of the past has now become an evident problem in our modern-day society. Women nowadays have opportunities that were not obtainable in past decades but must overcome, or in most cases overlook, the barrier of being punished in the long run for simply being a woman; â€Å"gender differencesRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management ( Juan )1645 Words   |  7 Pages2015) Corporate Social Responsibility (Juan) Corporate Social Responsibility encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of an organization at any given point in time (Carrol Buchholtz, 2015). Corporate Social Responsibility is considered by many to take into account the impact the firm has on society, and also requires the individual to consider his or her actions in terms of the whole social system, and holds him or her responsible for the effects resultingRead MoreIt Bears No Doubt That Coates Isn t Not So Much With The Point ( S )864 Words   |  4 Pagesso much with the point(s) brought forth, but rather with the issue of the practicality and feasibility of the implementation of reparations. Moreover, I would also like to dwell with the future repercussions of going forth with such an idea. Even so, I wish to provide for a framework under which such circumstances, though not justifiable, can easily be explained, as far as their occurrence and the remnants of which occur in to day’s society (is in concern.) First and foremost, Coates in his articleRead MoreRecruitment, Training, and Compensation at Coca-Cola1631 Words   |  7 PagesCoca-Cola: Recruitment, Training, and Compensation 6 March 2013 Coca-Cola: Recruitment, Training, and Compensation Introduction: Company History and Information This paper will discuss the Coca-Cola company. The Coca-Cola Company was founded in 1892 (Giebelhaus, 2008). It is currently a multi-national enterprise (MNE), and has built a lot of its base through acquisitions and mergers of other companies and soft drink brands. More than 200 countries have Coca-Cola products on their shelves, andRead MoreGender Wage Gap Of The American Association Of University Women1236 Words   |  5 Pagesgrievous instances where discrimination caused severely negative repercussions on how our society functions. The inequity demonstrated by our nation in the past has estranged its residents based on their religion, the color of their skin, their beliefs, and even their gender. With time, our community has become more accepting which has led to the abolishment of most, if not all, bigotry and racist beliefs. However, there is still an issue today that we have been facing for almost a century. This conflictRead MoreVaccinations And Its Effects On Children1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe Significance of Vaccinations in Our Society Litisha Sibblis Charter Oak State College â€Æ' The Significance of Vaccinations in Our Society It is important to note that not everything in life is certain or safe and effective and this same principle applies to vaccinations. This research will be on vaccines focusing on the benefits and its potentially adverse effects in children. Additionally this research will reveal if vaccines are linked to or are causes of other illnesses. Overall I intend

Youth and Politics Free Essays

Madhu Babu. K, Contact me in 08105837859, Youth And Politics Youth are young generation of the country. They play a vital role in the development of country. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth and Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now A famous writer Sri Sri(Srirangam Srinivas)said that â€Å"Our country is not in the hands of lazy and corrupted old politicians,this country is ours i. e youth†. A country with good political government is said to be developed country. But politicians are misbehaving. They are mainly focussing on earning profits and neglecting development of people as welll as country. Everyone is telling that â€Å"Politics is corrupted. But politics is not corrupted. Politicians are corrupted†. Earlier common people are afraid of policemen. But now policemen are afraid of politicians. We want politicians like Shyam Prasad Mukherjee,Dr. B. R. Ambedkar,Abdul Kalam,lal Bahdur Shastry,Kamraj Nadar,Prakasam Panthulu etc. to eliminate corruption and also for development of country. Generally people used to tell â€Å"Youth is spoiled. But spoiled is Politics†. Youth should join hands to enter politics to protect our country from old orrupting politicians. Youth have the capacity to do anything. Youth should be encouraged to enter politics. This is possible only by educational institutions. A compulsoy subject about politics should be introduced in colleges to create a desire among young generation to enter politics. In olden days a child from every famil y will join military army to protect their kingdom. Similarly a student from each educational institution should enter politics to protect and develop our country. Ther are colleges for Engineering,Medicine,Management etc. Why can’t we have a college for politics? Everyone is telling that Educatin gives knowledge. Politics with knowledgabie youth will lead to development of the country. But youth are applying their knowledge in other fields. Every student/youth is telling that they will become Engineer or Doctor. But no one is telling that â€Å"they will become POLITICIAN†. Though our country is said to be Democratic,it is in the hands of politicians and their families. The system of giving political seata to his/her relatives or family if he/she(politician) is dead should be changed. Some politicians are using Youth for illegal activities. So youth should be aware about them. Because of those politicians youth are also getting corrupted. For a stable government Youth should enter politics. Youth should not mingle with corrupted politicians. By giving opportunities to youth new ideas can be generated and better solutions can be obtained for complex problems. There is retirement for every job. But politicians are not following retirement. Hence a slight modification must be made in our constitution that â€Å"Any politician who are above 65 years must be retired from his position† Though politicians with more age have experience and take better decisions the position should be given to his subordinates based on the experience after retirement of his/her post. Youth are voting at age of 18. Why can’t they show interest to enter politics by age 21? Youth should be given chance by all political parties to enter politics. A certain reservation in politics should be given compulsorily to youth in politics. Not only youth alone can develop country. But youth with some experienced Politicians will be helpful to develop country. Let us remember the words of Sri Rabindranath Tagore. He wrote in â€Å"Gtanjali† that he wants to see our country â€Å"as heaven where there is no ego hurtings,one person will not steal others,every person is happy and live happily†. To make our country â€Å"Sujalm,Suphalam,Matharam†Youth should enter Politics. How to cite Youth and Politics, Papers

My Awakening free essay sample

Edna Pontellier, the free-spirited, yet bogged-down main character of Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, is like me in many respects. Her marriage, an eternally binding agreement, is much like my relationship with my father, who gave me life and lovingly reared me alongside my mother. Mrs. Pontellier and I both feel restricted, like our independence and our passions have been diluted and nearly taken from us, and in response to our respective â€Å"awakenings† we became nearly detrimentally free. Her story helped me notice at just the right time the consequences of my individualism, and I pulled back in order to salvage my relationship with my father. At a very young age, my dad conversed with me about current issues, politics, and religion, partly because he had so few people with whom to have these mature conversations. I was most interested in religion. It sparked my imagination, and I would spend time reading and philosophizing even apart from my father. We will write a custom essay sample on My Awakening or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At one point, I confidently described myself as he described himself: a conservative Christian. However, when I went to high school, I was exposed to a multitude of different beliefs via science classes, literature, and classmates, and that absolute security started to shake. I was swimming in a sea of freedom and diversity, and it was such a beautiful thing! This sea beckoned me, as the literal sea did to Edna in The Awakening. She was exposed to new lovers; I was exposed to new ways of thinking, from Buddhism to Mormonism. I kept myself open to everything. All this time, however, my father continued to tell me about how evil anyone who wasn’t a â€Å"true Christian† was, so I couldn’t bring myself to tell him of my spiritual journey. Still, I grew frustrated, openly calling him close-minded and hateful. He appeared to become depressed and lonely. His words struck me deep down in my still insecure soul: â€Å"When did I lose you? Where did my daughter go?† This was the time I began reading The Awakening. Edna’s story made me realize my once healthy bond with my dad was gasping for air in my beautiful, vast sea of freedom, just like she did. But what was I supposed to do? I couldn’t completely abandon my spirituality. I was already awake in this beautiful world; was I supposed to close my eyes? According to Kate Chopin, individualism and cold solitude go hand in hand, and I have found this to be partially true. However, one thing I have discovered on my independent spiritual journey is, ironically, the importance of familial love. I don’t want to live in a depraved, lonely home; I don’t want to drown in the sea of solitary emptiness Edna was killed in; I want to give and receive love in any and every form. I have settled, therefore, on listening to my father’s rants, giving him the highest respect and love, in hopes that I can mend our rickety relationship. That way, I can harvest the benefits of individualism as well, alone, but not lonely. Mrs. Pontellier’s awakening and subsequent death by drowning taught me a very important lesson about the consequences of individuality and played an important role in my own â€Å"awakening†. It helped me discover that love presides over individual spirituality, especially when independence forcibly drives one into loneliness. Still, perhaps unlike Chopin may have expected, I am able to continue my growth as a person independent of my father.

Society and people Essay Example

Society and people Essay Twentieth century transformed the lives of the people and enabled them to look at themselves more closely in context to their relationship with the society and to themselves. Collaborative efforts of the individuals and the systematic approach of the society raised the waves of new hope, and aspirations producing new knowledge, new markets and new technologies, which in turn contributed towards shaping the human behavior. Humans are the products of millions of years of evolution and they have embroiled themselves in the complex social structure, which kept on changing with the change in time.   The technological and scientific development in the twentieth century shaped the sensibilities of the people displacing the old conventions towards the more positive and empiricist view of their lives towards the conscious area of unexplained motivation leading them towards the path of prosperity and development. Though there is no doubt of the fact that there is lot of influence of the structure of Society on the human thought and behavior but this issue is also not devoid of debates. The topic is a central issue of sociology, which discusses whether the structure of society determines the behavior of individual or is it vice versa. There is three theoretical reasoning to this and some theorists pose the view that as the social existence is determined by the structure of society, the professed agencies of in dividuals can be explained only when this social structure makes its movement. (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Society and people specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Society and people specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Society and people specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These theoretical systems joined to form structuralism, functionalism and Marxism, other theorists say that this is the ardent capacity of the individual agents that help to reconstruct and reshape the world. Some theorists adopt middle approach. They look at structure and agency as complimentary to each other-social structure influences humans and human’s influences social structures. (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2007). In the twentieth century, technological, medical, social, ideological and political innovation changed the living style of the people altogether. The words like ideology,   genocide, nuclear war and world war got inscribed in the hearts of the people (Bernal, Alarid 2002). At one point of time, the humans depended on the larger scale on the nature and the goods provided by nature, but now with the inventions, the necesities of the humans have increased and their goal and pursuit itself took them towards the world of mechanizations. Labor performing manual tasks changed to highly sophisticated scientific mind, inventing and turning the machines to work for them. Every aspect of human life and personality changed in the twentieth century, and it was for the first time that any individual exerted its influence to change the course of history. The views of the Sceintists from across the world changed, when the discoveries were made on the theory of   relativity   and quantum physics. With this discovery they realized that, Universe is much more complex than what was believed previously.   (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2007). The every day enemies of traditional order and security –the decay of religious faith and moral values, the predominance of purely naturalistic view of the life and man, and last but not the least the change from common stability to the urban atomizing of soceity changed the whole perception and outlook of the human personality. Even the literature exerted a considerable influence on the Society. The whole literature spoke volumes of the predicament, the man was facing when he came face to face with comple te change in the social order. Novelistis through their inherent qualities of the whole genre shaped the individual through the complex, pragmatic and fluctuating mileu of the modern world. Writers through the modes and techniques, currents and cross currents of criticism highlighted the delimma faced by the man who were thrust numerous changes on its sole life style and societal prejudices and preceptions. The most important one was social or sociological criticism which took its inspiration from Marxism. Marxists critics not only study these relations between the literature and society, but also have clearly defined conceptions of what these relations should be, both in the present society and also in the future classless society. They tell us not only what were and are the social relations and implications of an author’s work but what they should have been or ought to be. They are not only the students of literature and society but prophets of the future, monitors and prop agandists and they have difficulty in keeping these two functions separate. The changes in the society also brought with it numerous changes in the social values which resulted from the social problems. The world saw the gradual disappearance of the ancient prejudice against theater going, a welcome relaxation of the censorship, a steady rise in the standard of judgement due to the spread of education, increasing margin of leisure in the life of ordinary men and women, a deepening conviction that a certain amount of recreation is the natural right of every human being. All these factors led to the popularity of theatre business which in turn delve upon the society and its behavorial patterns in exerting influence on Individualism.(Theater Museaum, Drama guided tour). In the twentieth century, Capitalism had the hey day which is a product of upheavals in the society as contradictory to feudal ages when lords owned the means of production and the serfs worked for them.   In capitalism, workers produced things which were sold in the market. In the beginning of this century itself, Paris emerged as the artistic capital of the world, where the French and Foreign writers, composers and visual artists gathered. Media, music and movies, also the products of the combined efforts of the society, changed the trends in fashion of all and sundry which spread like wild fire all over the world. Women too gained political rights in the United States and Europe and due to the invention of the birth control tehniques, women gained more independence. The 1990’ also saw the world that entered into the rooms through televisions and Internet, cutting across all the barriers and thus widenning scope of the youngsters to grow in their career path, and gave us the world in which we are living now. Man is born in the society and lives in the society and it is the society which empowers the human beings and shapes its destiny. Therefore in the recent past, Social Structure has shaped to the considerable degree the behavior of humans tow ards wider outllook of life and scope and brought the whole world together in one umbrella opening the scope for more and more of inter cultural interactions and of the individuals to change their destiny. This led to the individuals have more freedom, and Independence of thought and movements. Man is now not a slave of society’s perjudices, and has a free will to choose his career path and live the way he wants. Before twentieth century, the wave was moving towards the society’s predominance tendencies on Individual’s behaviour. Individual had to adopt towards   the soceity’s mannerism, thoughts and ideologies. For eg. the Victorian era between 1837 and 1901 was an age of rapid flux and baffling complexity. On one hand, it saw unprecedented growth and development whereas on the other hand, the moral values were forced upon the individuals. As regards sex, the Victorians were extremely prudish. Even a trivial impropriety of dress would send the Victorian Martinets into paroxysms of rage. They were very touchy about sex which they treated with a hush incommodiousness. Even now a days, when a teenager finds her father not very forward in letting her have her own way with her dates, she can be heard complaining, â€Å"Oh! I have a Victorian sort of people†.( Watson, 2002). Even too much drinking was also held culpabale in the Victorian era. In this age, the Darwinâ €™s evolutionary doctrine,which traced the descent of human beings from apes, gave a serious blow to Genesis and shook the Christian belief in the immortality of the human soul. ( Southgate, Negas 1999). Needless to say all this caused an Earthquack in the realm of contemporary thinking and brought many an adamant-build edifice tumbling on the ground. Some of the Victorians clung to the old faith and aspersed what they   called new fangled opinions, others went to the side of science and turned agnostic. The greatest effect of Victorian era is on Women. Society demanded women to place themselves in the domestic affairs. The goal of women was marriage, and like a racehorse she was groomed to attract suitable partner for courtship and marriage. She ought to be virtuous and intelligent and must know Italian and French, and should be innocent and dutiful. They were supposed to be weak and helpless, as a delicate flower who is not capable of taking right decisions. In high society, men kept both wives and mistresses, who were expected to be faithful. If women had lovers, they were not to be made public. Men though had independence but they were also not free from society’s prejudices, their behavior, mannerism was all dictated by the Society. (Thomas, Womans Place in  C19th  Victorian History). This year was marked by prudishness, repressive ness, narrow-mindedness and bourgeois materialism. The Society in Victorian age was divided into three classes: the Church and aristocracy, the middle class, and the working poorer class and each person had to remain in the confines of each class. In the top was aristocracy class, which included the Church and nobility and just had two percent of population and had royal family, lords spiritual and temporal, the clergy, and great officers of state. They were getting lot of privileges and avoided taxes. The middle class constituted factory owners, bankers, shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, engineers, businessmen, traders, and other professionals. The remaining belonged to the working and labor class. There was division between the upper and lower class of the society.   Only the people belonged to the royal class had the right to rule. As said by Gerturde (1995) in his book, â€Å"The De-moralization Of Society: From Victorian Virtues to Modern Values†, the working class the less privileged and very poor class adopted the same moral standards as the middle and even the upper classes observed and this had result in more opportunities for the people in terms of their education, incomes and their rights. Crime rates also fell and urbanization and industrialization made England a more civil, appeasing, humane society. It is obvious that it is the humans that make a society and when the human notions and ideologies combine, they form society and then the society dictates. This had happened in our historical past, this has happened now and this will be happening in the near future. Individuals need security and the society provides security, therefore Individuals follow the cultural norms of their community. Every culture has their own standards, their own system of working, own cultural, social and political traits, which individual follows and in these traits, any Individuals’ growth depends. If in any society, there is one culture that dominates, then its values are considered as correct. This is what was happening in the Victorian age.   (Thomas, 2007) Even Marx, Engels and their camp followers were of the opinion that whenever there have been major changes in the forms and means of production, the institutions and ideas, values and patterns of thought undergo radical changes. What is good of one age becomes repelling and immoral in another. The ideas are class ideas and those at the helm of affairs impose their ideas upon others. The ideas do not grow in the vacuum. The Marxists fully believe that man can control the material world by producing the necessities of life, the methods of production change, which bring about changes in the social organization as well as ideas. I fully agree with this statement that in the recent past, the social structures largely shaped human behavior but now individuals have great opportunities to shape their own lives, individual of today can remarry, can perform inter-caste marriage, can work according to their own sweet will but here too it is only the society that has created the situation for the individuals to breathe in free air. It is the society, which is not confined to the enclosed boundaries of their own particular sect but it has reached global. We, human beings, are becoming conscious as free, inclusive, and egalitarian, but we still exist within the organization, that controls us and moulds us. These organizations are in the form of schools, religious, or other social institutions. The way we are living now and the way we used to live in the past have lot of differences and these differences have been generated from the society only.

Global Communications †Issue and Opportunity Identification

Global Communications – Issue and Opportunity Identification Free Online Research Papers Global Communications is faced with challenges as well as opportunities as it struggles to bounce back from falling stocks and competition. The company has been forced to make drastic decisions in order to survive in the telecommunications industry. For example, GC has partnered with a satellite provider to offer new products and services for customers. However, the most recent decision to outsource call centers to India and Ireland would create layoffs, and the plan has been scorned by the public and the Union. Employee morale is low and the Union is threatening to take legal action. Global Communications must explore alternatives, rebuild relationships, and improve organizational commitment in the hopes of succeeding. Situation Analysis Issue and Opportunity Identification Global Communications is faced with several challenges. These challenges include tough competition within the industry that has forced the company to rethink its business plans as consumers demand more advanced services. In an attempt to address the issues GC is faced with, GC has planned to outsource its call centers to India and Ireland allowing for a significant reduction in labor costs. Second, the company has partnered with a satellite company to provide additional products and services to customers. Third, GC plans to launch an international marketing campaign which plans to increase profits. The Union’s disapproval of the plan was not anticipated. Executives realized the decision would not be favored however, the Union’s threat for legal action was unexpected. The public’s opinion was greatly influenced by the lack of loyalty to employees and the apparent contract manipulation. Executives at Global Communications were presented with issues that required critical thinking to realize the opportunities they could achieve. â€Å"But vigilance and an understanding of how to manage decision-making groups and organizational constraints will improve the process and result in better decisions.† (Bateman, 2004, p.89). However, the decision making process was completely inadequate. Benchmarking research was limited, alternatives were not considered and risks were not taken into consideration. GC executives must now address the current issues GC is facing. These issues include: competition in the telecommunications industry, changes in technology, customer expectations, employee morale, company-union relations, and the image perceived by the public. By changing the strategy of decision-making, Global Communications can become a leader in the industry. Effective decision-making requires compiling alternative solutions together, many which can be generated by including employees in discussion sessions. Opportunities or challenges can be identified by talking to employees, customers, and other stakeholders. (Problem Solving Based Scenarios, n.d., p.4). Also, generic benchmarking, â€Å"looking beyond your own industry for the best practice† (Maul, n.d.,p.1), should provide new perspectives that would further identify alternatives. The idea is to generate as many alternative solutions as possible, eventually selecting the best alternative with the least rick involved. To regain profits, Global Communications must also develop strategies to increase organizational commitment. Announcing that lay-offs and pay decreases were likely to led to decreased employee morale and damaging company-union relationships, this would damage the company’s reputation. The Union has threatened legal action against Global Communications. To gain the trust back within the organization and the community, GC must improve communication within the company and involve the employees in the decision-making process. As morale increases, employees’ satisfaction of their jobs increases. Increased job satisfaction improves job performance, customer satisfaction and customer retention. Global Communications must also realize that the customer’s needs should determine the direction that they should take to succeed. GC cannot meet these needs alone however, exploring various options would prove beneficial. Stakeholder Perspectives/Ethical Dilemmas Several stakeholders with various perspectives exist in the Global Communications scenario. While each group has its own perspectives, some conflicting interests, rights, and values must be evaluated. First, profitability for the company is a priority for several stakeholders, including executive management and potential GC partners. The need to be profitable may generate an ethical dilemma in relation to the needs of the Global Communications’ employees, particularly if lay-offs or pay decreases are necessary for profitability. Although company executives and employees agree that respect and fairness to others are important, the need for profitability may override those values. Second, partnerships for GC and its partners may be dependent on the reputation of each individual company. Third, each entity within the telecommunications industry realizes the competition for survival is threatening and the outcome of GC’s struggle to survive may define the entire industry. Problem Statement Advancements in technology and competition within the telecommunications industry have affected Global Communications. Stock values have dramatically decreased, customers have been dissatisfied with the services offered, employees have been threatened with layoffs and the company-union relationship has been negatively affected. GC must regain its image by developing new services in a global market. End-State Vision Global Communications will become an internationally competitive entity by providing advanced technologically services through partnerships, employee loyalty, and customer satisfaction. By responding to the needs of the stakeholders, GC will regain the profits it lost. Global Communications must respond to the immediate needs of the employees and Union by mending relationships. Secondly, the company must respond to the demands of customers for new and improved services. The most logical choice would be to form partnerships that will allow the company to provide services quickly and safely to consumers. Next, GC should expand its customer’s and increase the retention between established customers. Global Communications ultimate goal is global expansion within three years. As plans are implemented to rebuild broken relationships, improve customer service, increase customer retention, and become global, GC should begin to regain profitability it once had. Alternative Solutions Seldom exist a single best solution to any problem. Rather there are a set or range of alternatives, one or more of which may work. (Problem Solving Based Scenarios: An Approach to Identify Opportunities to Create Value for the Business, n.d., p.7). Through the information that was gathered through benchmarking research, Global Communications can explore a variety of solutions. The first proposed solution, GC’s initial approach to outsource call centers, has been selected by a number of companies as a means to reduce costs, including IBM and Honeywell. Both IBM and Honeywell have chosen to layoff and off-shoring. This approach does not address the stakeholder needs of the customers or employees. This solution alone does not meet the needs identified in the problem statement. Delta Airlines and Global Communications have faced many of the same issues, and Delta’s approach provides a multifaceted alternative solution, each aspect was in direct response to the needs of various stakeholders including employees, the union, customers and share holders. After filing Chapter 11, Delta recognized the need for organizational commitment, which â€Å"is higher in organizations that fulfill their obligations to employees and abide by humanitarian values, such as fairness, courtesy, forgiveness and moral integrity.† (McShane, 2005,p.128). Placing emphasis on the value of employee contribution, the company held informative meetings to include employee input, giving incentives or rewards to employees, and provided up front communication. Delta’s proposed merger with Northwest Airlines promises to make Delta a global airline and increase stock over 65% in four years while saving Delta’s company-union relationship. Global Communications can be a leader in the telecommunications industry by addressing the interests of each stakeholder like Delta did. Sears approached its decrease in market shares and profits by completely restructuring the company, beginning with a new CEO. With the need to improve internal leadership, processes, and performance, this huge undertaking requires a thorough understanding of â€Å"the real issues and opportunities from all perspectives.† (Problem Solving Based Scenarios, n.d., p.5). While this approach has unlimited value, the timelines for Global Communications must be considered. Analysis of Alternative Solutions Different solutions were evaluated against a set of weighted goals. The weight or importance of each goal was determined according to a scale of one to five; one being of low importance and five being of high importance. The probability of meeting each individual goal was rated on the scale thus, the best two or three alternatives were selected for further consideration. Two goals were rated as high importance because of the direct relationship with profitability. The direct relationship included increasing the customer base/retention and increasing the stock value. The next two goals, increasing customer satisfaction and maintaining positive feedback in employees’ surveys, were rated as medium to high importance. Success is represented by customer satisfaction. Finally, expanding the international customer base was rated as middle importance because the timeline for establishing a global presence is projected to take three years. When the alternative solutions were evaluated against the weighted goals, one primary solution received higher a rating which was forming global alliances/mergers. A second solution, investing in employees and negotiating with the Union, received a lower score; a combination of the two solutions as a secondary solution receives the highest score of all. Risk Assessment and Mitigation Techniques The risks associated with each solution appear to be controllable, with benefits outweighing the overall risks involved. These risks can be minimized by careful planning. Wakeam ( 2003) identifies the following three risks associated with forming global alliances/mergers. First, cross-cultural conflict arising from the affect of political, cultural and social forces can be significantly reduced by researching some best business practices for a particular location. The company must learn to pay attention to marketing and advertising. Secondly, the potential for different visions and metrics among partners may change the direction of the business therefore, leading to alliance failure. The risks can be reduced by developing shared metrics, mapping key executives to their alliance counterparts, and holding regular meetings. Third, the effect of uncontrollable economic trends within various markets can quickly change alliance profitability. A company can help protect itself from conseque nces by frequently monitoring the status of reports and watching for new risks that may occur. One key factor in Global Communications’ success would be investing in employees and negotiating with the Union. The company’s risks further damage of relationships if efforts are not successful. Employees lack of motivation, unrealistic goals and performance standards, unmet expectations for rewards/incentives, and the inability to reach agreements must be addressed by consistent communication. Placing emphasis on the value of employee input and stockholder needs are important. Optimal Solution Based on different solutions and the risk assessment, a comprehensive solution for Global Communications can be made to help the company address issues and realize opportunities. The decision to form global mergers has many benefits that will allow to GC to meet its goals. Establishing a global presence, improving and expanding services to consumers, expanding the customer base while saving retention and increasingly profitability are all goals GC has established to try to meet to become successful again. Investing in employees and negotiating with the Union will also meet the company’s end-stated goals, directly improving the relationship between the two. Implementation Plan The challenge for implementing the optimal solution requires commitment from management support and employee contribution. According to Bateman, implementation requires four steps that will help ensure this commitment: (1) define the necessary strategic tasks in a simple language; (2) evaluate the organization’s ability to implement those tasks; (3) develop implementation agenda; and (4) implement the plan while monitoring the progress being made. The tasks for implementation of GC’s solution have been indentified: introduction of new services; formation of global mergers; investment into the employees; and Union negotiation. Global Communications must realize four major challenges before implementation can begin. These challenges include: â€Å"(1) the organizational immune system, (2) numerous complex variables, (3) the interconnectedness of elements affecting change, and (4) the need to change everything at once.† (Kotelnikov, 2008). Effective implementation may be limited by the organizational immune system or complex variables such as technology and organizational arrangements. Any change can create a ripple effect within the organization because of interconnected nature of organizational elements. The desired outcome can only be reached by making changes within overlapping issues. The plan for Global Communications will be guided by a committee whose members include executive management and middle management. This committee is responsible for the various aspects of implementation, picking team leaders and members, and determining the extent of decision-making to be assigned to each team leader. During the first month the committee should develop a new vision statement for the company and select team leaders and members. All disruptions in implementing should be reported to the committee. The first strategic task, the introduction of new products and services to meet consumer demands will be addressed by the Customer Response team. The team leader should be someone who is trusted and well-respected. The team members should include various performers with customer experience. The team should research customer’s needs, identify customer service issues and opportunities, and conduct benchmarking research for addressing the findings. Initial findings should be reported to the committee within the first three months. The second task which is forming alliances/mergers’ will be assigned to a new Strategic Alliance Team. They will identify potential partners who can share GC’s vision and provide services to the customer’s needs. The team should identify best practices within the industry for the merger’s to make recommendations as needed. Team members should be familiar with Global Communications’ financial status. Any recommendation should be submitted to the committee within six months. The next task would be to invest in the employees. Creating a successful Employee Incentive Program (EIP) according to best practice standards would be beneficial to the employees. The EIP director will evaluate incentive/reward options according to the benchmarking research that was conducted. Some options include stock distribution, pay for performance, or skill pay for cross-training. The overall program should focus on alignment with Global Communications’ vision and establishing feedback through communication. All EIP activities should be approved by the committee. The last task is to negotiate with the Union. Communication between the EIP director and Union representatives is essential for issues to be resolved in a timely manner. The EIP director does not have the authority in such matters. However, the EIP director should report any outstanding issues to the executive management team. Management and the EIP director both need to be present at every Union meeting. Evaluation of Results Global Communications’ strategy to turn the company around within a three year period will be evaluated using specific metrics and targets as related to each end-state goal that was previously discussed. First, GC will watch stock value as a metric for overall profitability. Stock values have decreased by half and the company expects to increase stock value by 25-35% annually, thus allowing for a projected three-year recovery time frame. Second, GC expects customer’s to be satisfied therefore, satisfaction scores should improve annually by 5-10% as services are expanded through alliances. Third, as the demands of customers are met GC anticipates a 15-25% annual customer base increase and a 5-8% annual customer retention improvement. Fourth, as Global Communications improves the relations with the Union and employees, the company should exceed expectations in 75-85% of annual morale and job satisfaction surveys. Finally, the percentage of international customers within t he customer base should increase to 25-35% within the three years. The metrics chosen for each end state goal are derived mainly from existing reports. Using a new measuring system for evaluation is not recommended. These metrics do not take into account uncontrollable economic, organizational, or social variables. The assumption is made that the implementation process for all solutions will be a success. Failure to meet these expectations should be evaluated by management. Conclusion The challenges for Global Communications’ are clearly defined. The company must make informed decisions to ensure survival in a competitive market. Global Communications must restructure services by entering into mutually beneficial partnerships. This will allow for expansion of its customers’ base. GC can then start to focus on becoming internationally competitive industry by exploring alternative solutions as they are developed. The company must also restore broken relationships with employees and re-build its reputation. With the understanding that integrity is of most importance, this will help ensure success in the industry. In addition, Global Communications must determine to build organizational commitment to increase job satisfaction, employee performance, increase morale, and customer satisfaction and retention. References Bateman, T., Snell, S. (2004). Management: The new competitive landscape. (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Kotelnikov, V. (2008). Strategy implementation: Factors impeding strategy implementation. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from University of Phoenix, ProQuest database. Maul, J. (2006). Generic benchmarking: For solving problems†¦and for life. Retrieved May 29, 2009, from University of Phoenix, rEsource. MMPBL500. Foundations Of problem-based learning website. McShane, S. (2005). Workplace emotions and attitudes. Organizational behavior: Emerging Realities for the workplace revolution. Ohio: McGraw-Hill. Problem solving based scenarios: An approach to identify opportunities to create value for Business. Retrieved June 2, 2009, from University of Phoenix, rEsource. MMPBL500. Foundations of problem-based learning website. Wakeam, J. (2003). The five factors of a strategic alliance. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from iveybusinessjournal.com/view_article.asp?intArticle_ID=417. Research Papers on Global Communications - Issue and Opportunity IdentificationThe Project Managment Office SystemTwilight of the UAWIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfDefinition of Export QuotasMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceGenetic Engineering

Microbiology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Microbiology - Essay Example An evaluation of the total viable count and the presence of pathogens in the uncooked chicken were taken into account. The kitchen sponge and the hand wash water of the chicken were considered for the analysis. The analysis for the presence of the pathogenic micro organisms will help us to overcome the toxicity levels. (Mattick et al. 2003; Mattick et al. 2003a). A lot of tests were done to determine the presence of the bacterial load in the micro organisms. Some of them include Gram staining, Catalase test, Oxidase test, coagulase test, API Strip test, the effect of disinfectant hypochloride, cleaning agents and morphological tests. The presence of the pathogens is found using the biochemical tests and the API strip test. The differential staining of the bacteria helps to identify the unknown bacteria present in the sample. Before all the tests the samples are serially diluted and the 4th (10-4) and 5th diluted (10-5) sample are used for the analysis. The API 20E strip consists of 20 individual and miniature tests that contain the reagents for the identification of the metabolic capabilities and specifically the Enterobacteraceae family. (Butler et al. 1975). For the antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the Iso-Sensitest Agar (ISA) media was used. To test the presence o f enterobacteriaceae, the ISA media is enough according to the BSAC. The Molten agar was poured into the sterile Petri plates and they are dried to remove the excess moisture. To these plates, the antimicrobials of choice are used to such that it diffuses into the medium and they interact very well with the micro organism incorporated. The disc diffusion method of AST is the most commonest and effective method for the detection of the microorganisms in the sample. The inoculums was prepared and inoculated in the medium. The plates were incubated at 35-37 degree Celsius for at least 24 hours.